Hot-water heater for the interior of vehicle bodies



Amig 9 E929 l.. c. JosEPHs, .JR @978,349

HOT. WATER HEATER FOB THE INTERIQR OF VEHICLE BODIES Filed March 2'5. 1927 t pes of heaters..v

Patented Apr. Q, 1929.l

entree sTaTTs anat@ LYMAN C. JOSEPHS, JR., OJE ALLENTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA, .iSSIGil'OR TO INTER- NATIONAL MOTOR COMPANY, 0F NEW YORK, N.- Y., A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE.

v nor-WATER HEATER non THE INTERIOR or VEHICLE RoDIEs.

Application filed March 25, 1927. Serial N0. 178,196.

rlhe problem of supplying satisfactory means to heat the interior of enclosed passenger carrying motor vehicles has long engaged the attention of those engaged inthe design and manufacture of such vehicles. rThe means employed to meet this need have usually taken the form of heaters placed in the door of the vehicle and deriving -their heat either directly or indirectly from the' v exhaust system of the motor. In some instances heaters deriving their heat from a separate source of energy, such as an electric storage battery or the like, have .been employed.

rThe use of either of these two systems made it necessary to keep the vehicle bodyy closed at all times except when passengers were being taken on or discharged. The interior of the'body could not be ventilated because the heating capacity of the heaters employed was not sutlicient to Warm. the incoming draughts of cold air. rlhus, the air within the vehicle/ body quickly becamev stagnant to the discomfort of passengers. 0r, if fresh air'were admitted the passengers were rendered uncomfortable because the heaters could not warm the incoming air rapidly enough.

y The use o'f the first class of heaters, i. e.

those deriving their heat from the exhaust of 3o the motor, was furthermore unsatisfactory becausethe amount of heat supplied to the interior of the body varied with the speed of the motor. Thus, when thevmotor was idle or at rest practically nohea-twas suppliedy to the interior of the body. rlihis disadvantage was serious because itwas precisely at such'times'thatjt was desirable to supply the greatest amounts of heat, since at such times the doors were apt to be opened for the in- 40. gleSS OI' egressof passengers and large quantities of fresh and cold air were admitted.

The' use of the second class of heaters, i. e.A

those deriving vtheir heat from a separate source of ener such'as an electric storage ai; battery, while yIt didnot entail any variations in thev quantity of heat supplied with variations inthe speed of the motor, was objectionable because. use could not be made' of f the wasteheat of lthemotor and energy which '50 would havevbeen useful in other ways was l used to supply heat. 1

` The present invention was developed to overcome these objections to the use of knownv lBroadl it contemplates es `t e provision of a combine heater and ventilator so that the air within the interior of the vehicle body may be refreshed while at the same time the fresh air may be heated before being admitted to the interior of the body. The heating of the incoming air is accomplished by utilizing the waste heat of the engine in such a manner that the heat supplied to the heater does not vary too rapidly with variations in the speed of the engine.

Specifically, the means employed comprise a heater made up of a radiating section connected t0 the Water circulating system of the engine. rlihe radiating section is placed in the forward end of the vehicle body and is open to the air at one side and to the interior of the body at the other., Thus fresh air passing through the radiating section is heated by the hot Water in the circulating system before being4 admitted to the interior` of the body. The amount of air admitted may be controlled manually by means of louvres or otherwise. 'lhe heat supplied to the heater does not vary greatly with engine speed because the temperature of the circulating water tends to remain much more nearly constant than the temperature of the exhaust gases used for the same purposes in the older systems.

. A practical embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein :1

Figure l is an elevation partly in section 'showing somewhatschematically a portion of a vehicle body to which the combined heat,- ing and ventilating'system according to the `invention is applied ,Figure 2 is a plan view of the radiating section, parts being broken away 1n the 1nterest of clearness; and 1 Figure 3 1s a vertical section taken in a plane indicated by the line 3-3 in Figure 2 and looking in the direction of the arrows.

The radiating section a, comprising an ordlnary radiator core made up of honeycombed tubes b communicating with the headers c, c', is enclosed on four sides by the lvshielding d, being open on two sides as at e, e. This unit is adapted to be placed, as at in the front of a vehicle body beneath the top and the visorz' and above the windshield la., t e side e being open to the atmosphere and the side e. opening into the interior of the vehicle body.

'llo the headers c, c', are connected the pipes Z, Z. The pipe Z is connected to the discharge end of a pump m, driven by the engine of the v vehicle, and the pipe Z is also connected to flhe pipe 11, leading to the water jacket of the engine is connected to the pump m at the discharge end thereof, andthe pipe n iis con-v nected to the radiator and to the inlet end of the pump. l

'lhe circulating path of -the water is as follows: The water flows from the engine, where it has absorbed heat from the cylinders, at a temperature of, say, 200 F. lt passes through the radiator where it is cooled to about 190 F. and into the inlet end of the pump. lt loses about 2 in temperature in passing through the pump `from whence the larger portion is discharged through the pipe n back to the water-jacket of the engine, a`

' smaller portion being discharged4 into the smaller pipe Z at about 188 F. From the pipe Z it is lead in'to the header c and passes through the tubes I), giving up a part of its heat to the air passing through the radiating section, and into the header c. From'the header c it is lead through the pipe Z to the inlet of the pump, at about 180 F., where it meets the main body of water coming from the radiator at 190.

f Fresh air is constrained-to enter the heater through the opening e by reason of the disfrom the hot water flowing therethrough,

and into theinterior of the vehicle body through opening e. The quantity of air entering the vehicle body may be controlled by means of the adjustable louvres `o disposed in the openingc. The quantity of water flowing through the heater may bel controlled by the valve p in the pipe Z and the circulating system of the hea-ter may'be drained 'by means of the drain-cock 1'.

The heater, as shown, is located well above the level of the water in the radiator. Since the water circulates continuously and issubject to atmospheric pressure at the top of the heater, the water willrun out of the heater when the engine is at rest and will find its l started, after having been at rest, the .water inname L i I j. will again be forced int/o the heater, driving the air out. rlihe head necesary to accomplish this is produced by thevelocity imparted to the water by the pump. The action is theresult of -connecting the heater pipes on opposite sides of the pump and is particularly desirable in that it makes it unnecessary to provide any vacuum traps or expansion tanks, which would be possible sources of trouble, to maintain the head in the heater.

'A further advantageous feature attained by connectingthe heater on opposite sides of the pump consists in securing a rapid flow` of water throughthe heating system so that only small pipes-are required and it is possible to get the maximum radiating eiiiciency out of the water.

It will be seen that there vided a combined system for heating and Ventilating the interior of a closed vehicle body which uses t-he Waste heat of the engine but which does not vary greatly with the speed of the engine, which is simple and efficient, which accomplishes its purpose without the necessity. of using otherwise useful energy for heating purposes and which permits of heating the interior of the body while at the same time providing for the necessary ventilation thereof. Various changes may be made in the relative disposition of parts as outlined herein without departing from the s irity and scope of the invention, and no limitations are intended except as defined in the claim.

What I claim is: 1 lin a motor vehicle having an enclosed body and a water circulating system-'for the motor, said body being provided with an opening has been pro- I through which air may enter the interior through said opening, a Water impeller having an inlet and an outlet, means connected between said circulating system and the inlet to supply Water to the impeller, connections from the outlet both to said circulating sysv' tem and to said radiator to supply Water to each of the latter, valve means to apportion thel pumped water between said' connections, and means .to return Water from said radiator to the water im eller.

This speeilicatlon signed this 18th March, A.. D. 1927.

LN C. JOSEPHS, Jn.

day of 

